Civil war
204 events
- 26 February 1975Assassination of Maarouf SaadThe killing of Maarouf Saad by the Lebanese army during the fishermen's demonstration in Sidon.
- 2 March 1975Army withdrawal from Sidon
- 13 April 1975Shots at Pierre Gemayel's motorcade
- 13 April 1975The Ain el-Remmaneh busOn the afternoon of 13 April 1975 Kataeb gunmen stopped a bus carrying Palestinians back from a rally in Tel al-Zaatar…
- 14 April 1975Government demands the dissolution of the Kataeb
- 15 April 1975Resignation of Prime Minister Rashid al-SolhPrime minister Rashid al-Solh gave a speech in parliament accusing the Kataeb Party of the massacre, and noted that the…
- 15 April 1975Fighting in West Beirut, Tel al-Zaatar and TripoliBetween 15 and 20 April 1975 the clashes spread from Ain el-Remmaneh to Chiyah, Tel al-Zaatar, Dekwaneh and Tripoli,…
- 18 April 1975Snipers and identity-card kidnapping checkpointsFrom mid-April 1975 snipers spread along the front lines and checkpoints for kidnapping and killing on the basis of…
- 20 April 1975First official ceasefireThe truce was announced after intense political pressure led by the prime minister of the time and President Suleiman…
- 23 May 1975A military government appointedOn 23 May 1975 Frangieh appointed a military government headed by retired Brigadier Noureddine al-Rifai to restore…
- 30 May 1975Black Thursday 1975
- 1 July 1975Rashid Karami's government appointedOn 1 July 1975 Rashid Karami formed the six-minister "government of national salvation" after the failure of the…
- 18 August 1975LNM announces its reform programme
- 10 September 1975Army commander Iskandar Ghanem dismissed
- 10 September 1975Beit Mellat massacre
- 25 October 1975The Battle of the HotelsThe Battle of the Hotels began on 25 October 1975 between the National Movement and the Kataeb for control of the hotel…
- 6 December 1975Black SaturdayOn 6 December 1975 the bodies of four young Kataeb members were found on the Fanar road. Kataeb gunmen led by Joseph…
- 1 January 1976Bashir Gemayel begins secret visits to IsraelDuring 1976 Bachir Gemayel began a series of secret visits to Israel in which he met Peres and the army commanders to…
- 4 January 1976Siege of Tel al-Zaatar beginsOn 4 January 1976 the Kataeb and the Ahrar closed a siege around the Tel al-Zaatar camp, Dbayeh and Jisr al-Basha in…
- 14 January 1976Fall of the Dbayeh camp
- 18 January 1976Karantina massacreOn 18 January 1976 the militias of the Kataeb, the Tigers of the Ahrar, the Guardians of the Cedars and the Tanzim…
- January 1976Palestine Liberation Army intervenesIn January 1976, with the fall of Karantina (18 January), units of the Palestine Liberation Army stationed in Syria…
- 20 January 1976Damour massacreIn reply to Karantina: the National Movement and the PLO. 200 Christians killed and driven out of Damour.
- 20 January 1976Looting
- 21 January 1976The army splits: the Arab Army of LebanonAhmad al-Khatib (who was attached to the Marjayoun barracks in South Lebanon) led a breakaway movement from the…
- 24 January 1976Siege of Camille Chamoun at Saadiyat; residence looted and burnedDuring the siege of Damour (which began on 9 January 1976) the army kept a single exit open, and some 6,000 civilians…
- 14 February 1976Frangieh–Syria settlement
- 8 March 1976Ahmad al-Khatib seizes the southern barracksThat day Khatib managed to take control of a heavy artillery base at Beaufort castle, and soldiers there declared their…
- 10 March 1976Fedayeen move into Khiyam and its barracksOn 10 March 1976, two days after Lieutenant Ahmad al-Khatib and the "Arab Army of Lebanon" took the southern barracks…
- 11 March 1976Aziz al-Ahdab's coup attempt
- 11 March 1976The Akkar brigade breaks away
- 13 March 1976The "Army of Legality" (Free Lebanon Army) breaks away
- 14 March 1976Fouad Malik's "Army of Lebanon" breaks away
- March 1976First Kataeb contact with Israel: Abu Khalil's trip
- 21 March 1976Fall of the Holiday InnOn 21 March 1976 the Holiday Inn, the Kataeb's last stronghold in the hotel district, fell to the National Movement and…
- 25 March 1976Baabda palace shelled; Frangieh moves to Kfour
- 27 March 1976Assad–Jumblatt meeting (the seven hours)
- 31 March 1976US envoy Dean Brown's visitThe American envoy Dean Brown arrived in Beirut on 31 March 1976 and negotiated with Frangieh, Jumblatt and Assad; he…
- 9 April 1976Israel's red lines
- 8 May 1976Election of Elias SarkisOn 8 May 1976 parliament, meeting at the Villa Mansour, elected Elias Sarkis president with Syrian support and with the…
- 27 May 1976Assassination of Kamal Jumblatt's sisterOn 27 May 1976 Linda Jumblatt al-Atrash, Kamal Jumblatt's sister, was shot dead by gunmen in her house in Beirut; the…
- 31 May 1976Frangieh requests Syrian interventionWith the collapse of the Constitutional Document and the advance of the National Movement, President Frangieh formally…
- 1 June 1976The Syrian army enters officiallyOn 1 June 1976 the Syrian army entered Lebanon officially with some 12,000 troops and hundreds of tanks, after months…
- 3 June 1976Vanguards of the Lebanese Arab Army formed
- 6 June 1976Clashes with the Syrian armyConfrontations between the Syrian army and the leftists and the PLO: on 6 June 1976 the Syrian column advancing towards…
- 16 June 1976Assassination of the US ambassadorOn 16 June 1976 the American ambassador Francis Meloy, the economic counsellor Robert Waring and their driver were…
- 29 June 1976Fall of the Jisr al-Basha camp
- 5 July 1976Chekka massacreOn 5 July 1976 forces of the National Movement and the Palestinians attacked Chekka and Hamat in the Koura, killing…
- 15 July 1976Israel's "Good Fence" policy opens the border to southern villagersIn mid-July 1976 Israel launched the "Good Fence" policy by opening crossings at Rmeish and Kfar Kila and then the…
- 12 August 1976Tel al-Zaatar massacreCarried out by the Tigers and the right, with the cooperation of the Syrian and Lebanese armies and the presence of an…
- 30 August 1976Founding of the Lebanese ForcesOn 30 August 1976 the "Lebanese Forces" were announced as a unified military command for the militias of the Lebanese…
- 26 September 1976Attack on a Damascus hotel
- 2 October 1976The Maani Vanguards break away (Druze Jihad Organisation)
- 16 October 1976Saad Haddad's mutiny
- 18 October 1976Arab ceasefire (Riyadh mini-summit)On 18 October 1976 the Riyadh mini-summit (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Syria, Kuwait, Lebanon, the PLO) decided on a ceasefire…
- 21 October 1976Aishiyeh massacre
- 16 November 1976The Arab Deterrent Force enters
- 16 November 1976Frangieh leaves the Lebanese Front
- 1 December 1976Attempt on Raymond EddéIn December 1976 Raymond Eddé, the National Movement's presidential candidate and an opponent of the Syrian…
- 1 December 1976The Kataeb set up the first "canton," reaching Batroun on the edge of Marada territory
- 17 February 1977Haddad's militia takes Khiyam
- 16 March 1977Assassination of Kamal JumblattOn 16 March 1977 Kamal Jumblatt was shot dead by gunmen on the Moukhtara road near Baakline; Syrian intelligence was…
- 17 March 1977Revenge killings in the Chouf after Jumblatt's assassinationOn 16 and 17 March 1977, hours after the assassination of Kamal Jumblatt, Druze gunmen attacked Christian villages in…
- 7 April 1977The fedayeen retake Khiyam
- 21 August 1977Attack on St George's church in Brih
- 16 September 1977Renewed fighting over Khiyam
- 7 February 1978Fayadieh attack
- 26 February 1978The Lebanese Revolutionary Army Movement
- 14 March 1978The Litani invasionOn 14 March 1978 Israel invaded South Lebanon up to the Litani with some 25,000 troops; about a thousand were killed…
- 14 March 1978Occupation of KhiyamThe collaborator Saad Haddad's militia entered the town for good and imposed full control over it after the start of…
- 17 March 1978Khiyam massacreMembers of the collaborator Saad Haddad's militia carried out a large massacre there, killing 61 elderly and infirm…
- 19 March 1978Resolution 425The adoption of Resolution 425 and the deployment of the United Nations in the South.
- 7 June 1978Joud al-Bayeh killed in ZghartaOn 7 June 1978 Joud al-Bayeh, the Kataeb official who had tried to open a party office in Zgharta, was killed by gunmen…
- 13 June 1978Ehden massacreThe killing of Tony Suleiman Frangieh with his family by the Lebanese Forces (Samir Geagea); the idea was an Israeli…
- 28 June 1978Syrian retaliation at Qaa
- 1 July 1978The Hundred Days' WarFrom 1 July to 7 October 1978 the Syrian deterrent forces shelled Ashrafieh, Ain el-Remmaneh and East Beirut after…
- 31 August 1978Disappearance of Sayyed Musa al-Sadr
- 6 October 1978Security Council resolution to halt the Syrian shellingOn 6 October 1978 the Security Council adopted Resolution 436 calling for an immediate ceasefire in Beirut after the…
- 15 October 1978Beiteddine conferenceFrom 15 to 17 October 1978 the foreign ministers of the states taking part in the Arab Deterrent Force met at…
- 1 November 1978Assassination of Captain Samir al-Ashkar
- 1 January 1979The Arab force withdraws from LebanonAfter the Arab League extended the Arab Deterrent Force's mandate at the Beiteddine conference (October 1978), Sudan,…
- 22 January 1979Assassination of Abu Hassan SalamehOn 22 January 1979 the Mossad assassinated Ali Hassan Salameh, "the Red Prince", commander of Force 17, head of…
- 23 February 1979Attempt on GemayelOn 23 February 1979 a bomb exploded in Bachir Gemayel's car in Ashrafieh, killing his daughter Maya (18 months).
- 18 April 1979The "State of Free Lebanon"
- June 1979Founding of the "Front for the Liberation of Lebanon from Foreigners"After the Nahariya operation in April 1979 the Israeli chief of staff Rafael Eitan ordered the Northern Command chief…
- 12 February 1980Battle of Qnat
- 1980Arming of the Druze
- 7 July 1980Safra massacreThe elimination of the Tigers of the Ahrar by the Lebanese Forces, and Dany Chamoun's flight to West Beirut (the Muslim…
- 27 August 1980Assassination attempt on US Ambassador John Gunther Dean
- 22 December 1980Battle of Zahle beginsOn 20 December 1980 the Hanash group, linked to the Lebanese Forces, took over the National Liberals' offices in Zahle,…
- 1 April 1981Fighting in East and West BeirutOn 1 April 1981, as the Syrian forces tried to drive the Kataeb out of Zahle, the front lines in Beirut flared up with…
- 1 April 1981Full Syrian siege of Zahle beginsOn 1 April 1981 an exchange of fire between a Zahle position and a Syrian position turned into an all-out Syrian…
- 2 April 1981Bashir Gemayel asks Israel to intervene in Zahle
- 28 April 1981The Zahle warOn 28 April 1981 Israeli aircraft shot down two Syrian helicopters over Zahle on the pretext of protecting the…
- 30 June 1981The Forces withdraw from ZahleOn 30 June 1981 the Lebanese Forces fighters withdrew from Zahle under a settlement sponsored by the American envoy…
- 24 July 1981Fighting in the SouthFighting in the South between the PLO and Israel, then a ceasefire.
- 7 August 1981The Saudi peace initiativeOn 7 August 1981 the Saudi crown prince Fahd put forward an eight-point initiative including Israel's withdrawal to the…
- 4 September 1981Assassination of the French ambassadorThe assassination of the French ambassador to Lebanon, and the shelling of the French embassy over its support for…
- 17 September 1981Car bomb at the Joint Forces HQ in Sidon, and the Chekka blastOn 17 September 1981 a car carrying some 300 kilograms of TNT exploded outside the regional headquarters of the PLO and…
- 1 October 1981Car bomb outside PLO offices in FakhaniOn 1 October 1981 a car bomb exploded outside the PLO's offices in Fakhani in West Beirut, killing at least 50 people…
- 29 November 1981The Azbakiyah bombing in Damascus
- 15 December 1981Iraqi embassy bombing in Beirut: the first suicide car bombingOn 15 December 1981 a suicide bomber in a car destroyed the Iraqi embassy building in Beirut, killing 61 people…
- April 1982Amal fights a pro-Saddam groupIn April 1982 the Amal Movement fought fierce battles in West Beirut, the southern suburbs and the South against…
- 24 May 1982French embassy bombing in Beirut
- 6 June 1982The Israeli invasion of LebanonOn 6 June 1982 Israel invaded Lebanon in Operation "Peace for Galilee", on the pretext of the attempt on its ambassador…
- 14 June 1982The National Salvation Committee
- 4 July 1982Kidnapping of the Iranian diplomats
- 19 July 1982Kidnapping of David Dodge
- 21 August 1982The PLO leaves LebanonOn 21 August 1982 PLO fighters began leaving Beirut by sea and land under the Philip Habib agreement, after a siege of…
- 23 August 1982Election of Bachir GemayelThe election of Bachir Gemayel as president under Israeli pressure, with Israeli tanks outside the parliament…
- 25 August 1982The Multinational Force arrives
- 12 September 1982The Deir al-Qamar speech: "the 10,452 km²"On 12 September 1982 president-elect Bachir Gemayel gave the last of his public speeches in Deir al-Qamar before the…
- 14 September 1982Assassination of Bachir GemayelOn 14 September 1982 president-elect Bachir Gemayel was killed with 26 others in a huge explosion at the Kataeb…
- 16 September 1982Sabra and Shatila massacreBetween 16 and 18 September 1982, two days after the assassination of Bachir Gemayel, the Lebanese Forces entered the…
- 28 January 1983Car bomb in Chtaura
- 6 February 1983Bombing of the Palestine Research Center in Beirut
- 18 April 1983US embassy bombingOn 18 April 1983 a truck bomb destroyed the front of the American embassy in Ain el-Mreisseh during a meeting of CIA…
- 17 May 1983The 17 May AgreementOn 17 May 1983 Lebanon and Israel signed, under American sponsorship, an agreement ending the state of war and tying…
- 17 May 1983Bir al-Abed mosque demonstration
- 23 July 1983The National Salvation Front formedOn 23 July 1983 Suleiman Frangieh, Rashid Karami and Walid Jumblatt announced from Damascus the "National Salvation…
- 7 August 1983Car bomb in the Baalbek market
- 28 August 1983Army–Amal fighting in West Beirut
- 3 September 1983Israel withdraws from the Mountain and BeirutOn 3–4 September 1983 the Israeli army withdrew from the Chouf, Aley and the suburbs of Beirut to the Awali river line.…
- 4 September 1983The Mountain WarOn 4 September 1983, as soon as Israel withdrew from the Chouf, the Mountain War broke out between the Progressive…
- 5 September 1983Kfarmatta massacreFrom 5 to 7 September 1983 members of the Lebanese Forces killed some 145 Druze in Kfarmatta and the villages of the…
- 7 September 1983Fall of Bhamdoun to the Druze
- 15 September 1983Battle of Souk el-Gharb 1983On 15 September 1983 the Druze forces and their allies massed on the outskirts of Souk el-Gharb, and the Lebanese army…
- 16 September 1983The Hawker Hunters' first and last combat sorties
- 23 October 1983Marine and French paratrooper barracks bombingsOn the morning of 23 October 1983 two suicide bombers drove trucks into the Marine barracks near the airport (241 dead)…
- 31 October 1983The Geneva national dialogue conference
- 4 December 1983US air strike on Syrian positions, pilot Goodman capturedOn 4 December 1983 US navy aircraft struck Syrian and Druze positions near Falougha and Hammana in reply to the…
- 5 December 1983The Chiyah bombing
- 15 December 1983Sea evacuation of Deir el-Qamar
- 24 December 1983The Sabra-Shatila battle between the army and Amal
- 6 February 1984The 6 February uprisingOn 6 February 1984 the Amal Movement and the Progressive Socialist Party took control of West Beirut after the army…
- 6 February 1984The Sixth Brigade mutinies
- 7 February 1984The national parties take West Beirut
- 8 February 1984USS New Jersey shells the Mountain: 288 roundsOn 8 and 9 February 1984 the American battleship New Jersey fired 288 16-inch shells at Syrian and Druze positions in…
- 14 February 1984Collapse of the 4th Brigade and the fall of DamourOn 14 February 1984 Amal and Druze forces met at Khalde and drove the 4th Brigade from its positions; some 900 Druze…
- 26 February 1984US Marines withdraw from BeirutOn 26 February 1984 the Marines completed their withdrawal from Beirut airport to the ships off the coast, after the…
- 5 March 1984Lebanon abrogates the May 17 AgreementOn 5 March 1984 the Lebanese government formally annulled the 17 May Agreement after the 6 February uprising and the…
- 12 March 1984The Lausanne conference
- 16 March 1984Kidnapping of William BuckleyThe kidnapping of the CIA station chief in Beirut by Hezbollah; he had come on a mission to investigate the embassy and…
- 20 September 1984Bombing of the US embassy annex in AwkarOn 20 September 1984 a martyrdom bomber blew up a truck carrying some 1,400 kilograms of explosives at the American…
- 8 March 1985Bir al-Abed bombingOn 8 March 1985 a car bomb exploded near the house of Sayyed Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah in Bir al-Abed, killing more…
- 12 March 1985The 12 March revolt: Geagea against Amin GemayelOn 12 March 1985 Samir Geagea and Elie Hobeika led an "uprising" inside the Lebanese Forces against the leadership of…
- 18 March 1985Fighting east of SidonAnd the displacement of the Christians: after Israel's withdrawal from Sidon (16 February), fighting broke out east of…
- 15 April 1985Amal and the PSP crush al-MourabitounFrom 15 April 1985 Amal, the Progressive Socialist Party and the Communist Popular Guard attacked the Mourabitoun…
- 19 May 1985The War of the CampsBetween the Amal Movement (backed by Syria and the Lebanese army) and the PLO (backed by the Socialist Party and…
- 22 May 1985Beirut car bomb: 48 killed
- 10 June 1985Israel withdraws to the security beltOn 14 January 1985 the Israeli government approved a withdrawal in three stages under the pressure of resistance…
- 17 June 1985Damascus ceasefire between Amal and the Palestinian Salvation Front
- 14 August 1985Two East Beirut car bombs: 65 killed
- 28 December 1985The Tripartite AgreementThe appointment of Elie Hobeika (accused of the Sabra and Shatila massacre) as head of the Lebanese Forces, his signing…
- 15 January 1986Geagea ousts HobeikaBloody fighting among the Christians of East Beirut that ended with Hobeika's flight out of Ashrafieh.
- 17 February 1986Two Israeli soldiers capturedOn 17 February 1986 the Islamic Resistance captured the two soldiers Yosef Fink and Rahamim Alsheikh in an ambush near…
- 27 March 1986Third round of the War of the Camps
- 24 June 1986Syrian commandos enter West BeirutOn 24 June 1986 Syrian commando units, with some 800 soldiers and security men, began calming the fighting around the…
- 29 September 1986Battle of the Rashidieh campOn 29 September 1986 the battle of Rashidieh in Tyre began between Amal and the Palestinian factions and went on for…
- 16 October 1986Capture of Ron AradOn 16 October 1986 an Israeli Phantom was shot down over Sidon and its navigator Ron Arad was captured by the Amal…
- 24 November 1986Amal's positions in Sidon taken
- 15 December 1986Ceasefire between Amal and the pro-Syrian factions
- 13 February 1987Relief trucks shelled at the entrance of Burj al-Barajneh
- 15 February 1987Flag War: Amal driven out of West Beirut
- 17 February 1987Assassination of Hussein Mroueh, then Mahdi Amel
- 22 February 1987The Syrian army enters West BeirutOn 22 February 1987 some 7,000 Syrian troops entered West Beirut at the request of Muslim leaders to end the "flag war"…
- 24 February 1987Fathallah barracks massacreOn 24 February 1987, two days after the Syrian army entered West Beirut, a Syrian force stormed Hezbollah's Fathallah…
- 1 June 1987Assassination of Rashid KaramiOn 1 June 1987 prime minister Rashid Karami was killed by a bomb planted in the military helicopter carrying him from…
- 17 February 1988Kidnapping of William Higgins
- 5 April 1988Amal–Hezbollah fightingAt the start of April 1988 confrontations broke out between Amal and Hezbollah in the South (Nabatieh and its villages,…
- 8 April 1988Gemayel flies to Larnaca to meet Secretary of State Shultz
- 6 May 1988Fighting in the southern suburbsAmal's control of many villages of the South and the shift of the fighting to the southern suburbs: Hezbollah took Burj…
- 18 September 1988Richard Murphy: "Mikhael Daher or chaos"As Amine Gemayel's term ended, the American envoy Richard Murphy agreed with Hafez al-Assad in Damascus on naming the…
- 22 September 1988End of Amine Gemayel's term
- 22 September 1988Two governmentsThe nationalist forces refused the dismissal of Salim al-Hoss's government, so the country ended up with two…
- 3 October 1988The Forces seize Kataeb positions
- 9 November 1988General Sami al-Khatib named to lead the army in West Beirut
- 17 November 1988The Souha Bechara operationOn 17 November 1988 Souha Bechara (21), of the SSNP, shot Antoine Lahd, commander of the South Lebanon Army, in his…
- 10 January 1989First Iqlim al-Tuffah roundIn January 1989 the Amal Movement besieged Hezbollah's positions in Iqlim al-Tuffah (Jbaa, Ain Bouswar and their…
- 30 January 1989Hezbollah–Amal ceasefire
- 14 February 1989Army–Lebanese Forces clashesOn 14 February 1989 the army under Aoun clashed with the Lebanese Forces in East Beirut after its attempt to take…
- 15 February 1989Attempt on GeageaA meeting to calm tensions between Aoun and Geagea had been agreed at Baabda palace. On his way to the meeting, Samir…
- 14 March 1989The War of LiberationOn 14 March 1989 General Michel Aoun declared the "War of Liberation" against the Syrian presence from Baabda palace,…
- 16 May 1989Assassination of the Sunni MuftiOn 16 May 1989 the Mufti of the Republic, Sheikh Hassan Khaled, was assassinated by a car bomb in Aisha Bakkar (22…
- 28 July 1989Abduction of Sheikh Abdel Karim ObeidThe "Organisation of the Oppressed on Earth" answered with the execution of the American Colonel Higgins.
- 13 August 1989The Battle of Souk el-GharbOn 13 August 1989 the Syrian army and its allies launched a major attack on Souk el-Gharb to reach Baabda, and the…
- 22 September 1989The ceasefire that opened the road to TaifOn 22 September 1989 the Arab tripartite committee (Saudi Arabia, Morocco and Algeria) announced a ceasefire between…
- 22 October 1989The Taif AgreementThe signing of the Taif Agreement to end the civil war and strip the presidency of its powers.
Note: Taif ended the…
- 4 November 1989Aoun rejects Taif
- 5 November 1989Election of René MoawadOn 5 November 1989, 58 deputies met at the Qoleiat air base in Akkar, away from Aoun's control, approved the Taif…
- 5 November 1989Aoun supporters storm BkerkeOn 5 November 1989, after Patriarch Sfeir endorsed the Taif Agreement, supporters of Michel Aoun stormed the…
- 22 November 1989Assassination of René MoawadOn 22 November 1989, Independence Day, President René Moawad was killed by a car bomb in Aisha Bakkar together with 23…
- 24 November 1989Election of Elias HrawiOn 24 November 1989 the deputies, meeting in Chtaura, elected Elias Hrawi president in succession to Moawad within two…
- 28 November 1989Emile Lahoud appointed army commander
- 28 November 1989Resignation of Sami al-Khatib
- 31 January 1990The War of EliminationOn 31 January 1990 the army under Aoun attacked the positions of the Lebanese Forces in East Beirut, the Metn and…
- 19 April 1990Israeli commandos repelled
- July 1990Siege of Iqlim al-TuffahIn July 1990 fighting resumed between the Amal Movement and Hezbollah in Iqlim al-Tuffah (Jbaa, Ain Bouswar, Arabsalim…
- 13 October 1990Syrian army assault on Baabda palaceAt dawn on 13 October 1990 the Syrian army, with air cover and together with the legitimate Lebanese army, attacked…
- 13 October 1990End of the civil warWith the fall of Baabda on 13 October 1990 the civil war ended after fifteen years, some 150,000 dead and 17,000…
- 13 October 1990Dahr al-Wahsh massacreOn 13 October 1990, hours after the fall of Baabda, Syrian forces executed some 240 Lebanese army soldiers who had…
- 26 August 1991The general amnesty lawOn 26 August 1991 parliament passed the general amnesty law for crimes committed before 28 March 1991, excepting the…
- 29 August 1991Aoun leaves for exile in FranceOn 29 August 1991 Michel Aoun left the French embassy, where he had taken refuge since the fall of Baabda, for exile in…
- 3 August 2001Patriarch Sfeir's visit to the Chouf: the Mountain reconciliationOn 3 August 2001 Patriarch Nasrallah Sfeir visited the Chouf and Aley and was received by Walid Jumblatt at Moukhtara…